Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius Essay - 2300 Words

Bipolar Disorder and the Creative Genius Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a psychopathology that affects approximately 1% of the population. (1) Unlike unipolar disorder, also known as major affective disorder or depression, bipolar disorder is characterized by vacillating between periods of elation (either mania or hypomania) and depression. (1, 2) Bipolar disorder is also not an illness that remedies itself over time; people affected with manic depression are manic-depressives for their entire lives. (2, 3) For this reason, researchers have been struggling to, first, more quickly diagnose the onset of bipolar disorder in a patient and, second, to more effectively treat it. (4) As more and more studies have been†¦show more content†¦A hypomanic episode must be a period of at least four days, during which the affected person feels elevated or irritated--a marked difference from the depressed period. (2, 7) The symptoms are: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talk ative than usual, flight of ideas or racing thoughts, distractibility, psychomotor agitation or an increase in goal-directed activity, excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that may have negative consequences. (2, 7) This change in mood is observable by others and medications, substance abuse, or another medical condition does not cause the symptoms. (7) In contrast to hypomania is mania, which is a more extreme case of hypomania. A manic episode is a period of an elevated or irritable mood for at least one week. (2, 7) The symptoms must cause problems in daily functioning and cannot be caused by a medical condition or drugs. (7) Manic symptoms are: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than usual, flight of ideas or racing thoughts, attention easily drawn to unimportant or irrelevant items, increase in goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation, and excessive involvement in pleasurable activities which may have negative consequences. (2, 7) Lastly, bipolar disorder patients may also go through mixed episodes, which are periods when the patient meets the criteria for both a manic episode and a major depressive episodeShow MoreRelatedThe Genius And Mental Illness1332 Words   |  6 Pages Artistic Genius and Mental Illness The path from mental illness to creative genius in many artists and writers has long been a topic of research and discussion. Researchers believe they are now gaining new clues about the mysterious link between highly creative individuals and mental disorders, most commonly manic depression. 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Negative Effect of Female Socialization in an Essentially Male-Centric

Question: In this essay, it will be argued that freedoms and constraints exist over gender identities in a globalized world. The gendered effects of globalization in generating negative impacts on the lives of women and their families will be discussed. Then, the stereotypes and its impacts on women will be considered, as well as trying to determine what it means to be male or female in African culture. Lastly, the implication of gender role on Nigerian women will be investigated, by exploring a case study conducted by Omokhodion a sociologist at the University of Lagos. At this stage the constraints which exist over gender identity will be identified. Answer: The objective of the following essay is to argue that freedom and constraints both exist over gendered identities in a globalized world. Further, the essay also aims to discuss the negative effect of female socialization in an essentially male-centric world of Nigeria, and the vital role globalization plays in engendering negative impacts on the lives of these Nigerian women. Lastly, the implication of gender role on Nigerian women will be investigated, by exploring a case study conducted by Omokhodion a sociologist at the University of Lagos. At this stage the constraints which exist over gender identity will be identified. On the one hand, globalization has been beneficial for the Nigerian women, who because of its employment generating capacity, can now participate more freely in the workplace. But on the surface, though globalization seems to favor the development of the condition of Nigerian women, it has largely contributed towards creating a wider gap between the working men and women of Nigeria (Acker 2013). It is an undeniable fact that the gender bias exists and rather pre dominates the Nigerian workplace. Globalization might have offered job opportunity to the Nigerian women, bur the grim reality is that most of the Nigerian women are underpaid, or are engaged in unskilled work or are working in any unorganized sector, which does not promise any future benefit or social security to them (Heilman 2012). Nigeria which consists of as many as 350 ethnic groups, upholds and supports the ideology of patriarchy among all the people of various African communities (Omkhodian 2006). As a result, althoug h globalization is empowering the Nigerian women by making them self-reliant, it is at the same time causing much stress, fatigue and panic of losing job security among them( Jensen 1997). On the one hand, the Nigerian women are falling prey to underemployment and gender bias in their workplace; on the other hand, they are dejected over the gender discrimination they are daily encountering in their workplace (Holmes and Julain 2013). Mikkola (2009) claims that gender refers to an individuals knowledge of belonging to one sex or the other, and this gender consciousness is creating a terrible sense of pain and discontent among the Nigerian women, as they are facing gender discrimination daily in their workplace. Furthermore, the issue of gender inequality has been a problem in Nigeria, since a long time. According to Cohen and Kennedy (2013), traditional norms have ideologically established as well as promoted generalizations of the roles of each gender; and transgressing the same, has always been vehemently criticized. As a result, traditionally the Nigerian men were accustomed to be the independent, self-assertive and domineering authority of the household, while the Nigerian women have been traditionally taught to behave as if they were owned first by their father, then by their husband. Hence, women have always being marginalized in a male-centric Nigerian society, where only men have played the authoritative roles at home, and in community and the governmental bodies (Omokhodion 2006). Furthermore, it is quite interesting to note that the very way an individual perceives himself or herself, is largely determined by what he learns from his family (Wanna and Weller 2011). According to Bradley (1999), the family is the first unit of the society, which acquaints a child with the social and ideological values of the particular society. Hence Cohen and Kennedy (2013) states that a child learns about the traditional gender role from his family, and it is from here, that a child forms opinion about what his or her role should be, in future. Keeping this in consideration, a Nigerian family is essentially a family based on patriarchal values, which does not acknowledge any power or right of a woman. Omokhodian (2006), a sociologist in the University of Lagos, has claimed that in a Nigerian household, the Nigerian man has been the only bread-winner, who boasts of his strength, power, and intelligence. Having enjoyed the authoritative position in the household for a long time, a Nigerian man has always been believed to be way better than the Nigerian women, who are believed to lack the skill, competence and bravado of the former. Fagan (2006) has highlighted the fact that women who have mostly sacrificed their lives for the benefit and well-being of the male members of the family, have been socialized into believing that they are essentially gentle, self-sacrificing, meek and emotional creatures, whose happiness in life lies in serving the male members of the family. According to Omokhodion (2006), these gender stereotypes within the Nigerian society, has largely impeded the personal success and achievement of the Nigerian women, who have believed over the years, that they should never transgress or question the gender roles assigned to them, over the years. Much discussion has been done over the issue of female unemployment and consequent female poverty, but the question is, what the exact root cause behind the same is. It is not the lack of professional competence that makes the woman lag behind in a Nigerian society. Rather, there is a terrible lack of access to education and the basic resources of life, which makes the Nigerian women jobless (Jensen 1997). In a world of patriarchy which celebrates the dominance and unquestionable power of men, women are denied the fundamental right of education in Nigeria, says Omokhodion ( 2006, pp144). This process of constantly marginalizing women, as well as ignoring their basic rights and needs, has led to the creation of a wide socio-economic gap between the Nigerian men and the Nigerian women. Fagan (2006) has further argued that in absence of sufficient employment opportunities for the Nigerian women, many of the Nigerian women, are suffering from lack of economic security. Yet, even in the p resent era of globalization, reports suggest that in many families, a Nigerian daughter is compelled to work, at any earlier age, only to support the education of the male members of the family ( Omokhodion 2006). According to Otibhor ( 2013), even if some women are employed, due to lack of proper educational guidance, they are being mistreated and terribly exploited in their workplaces. Thus, gender discrimination in Nigeria, as a whole, has a disastrous impact on the well-being of the Nigerian women. Holmes and Julian (2013) claims that a citizen of any country should have rights in three dimensions- social, legal and civil dimensions. Even Homeless et al (2013), a citizen is defined by his right of having a right. However, the alarming condition of Nigerian women reveals a different story. According to Omokhodion (2006), although the Nigerian women have been enjoying social, legal as well as civil rights, since the year of 1994. However, he says that their right of leading a normal, healthy life is being totally denied because of the huge rate of domestic violence being perpetrated on them. Omokhodion (2006) also argues that the number of instances of domestic violence on women in Nigeria is remarkably high. A research conducted by the CLEEN foundation, discovered that out of every 3 respondents, at least 1 respondent in Nigeria have admitted of being physically and mentally abused by their spouses. Further, the traditional norms of Nigerian community also supports the right of a male member, hitting and punching a female one, for the sake of disciplining her. Further, Fagan (2006) has pointed out that the traditional way of living of the Nigerian men has led to the spread of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Even Uzukuvu (2002) has agreed to this opinion, by further stating that current studies show that a huge number of Nigerian people are being diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. In fact, Uzukuvu maintains that this spread of HIV/AIDS disease is mainly the result of the violent attitude of the Nigerian men towards the women, whereby they prevent the Nigerian women, from having safe sexual relation with them. According to the Demographic and Health Survey of the year 2008, more than 30.5 % of the Nigerian women are sexually abused and have forced sexual relations. In the light of these circumstances, many Nigerian womens lives are adversely affected, and many of them are affected with sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS (Fagan 2006). Cohen and Kenned (2013) have defined the concept of globalization, as the process of the integration of the economic, commercial and social spheres of the different regions across the globe. Nigeria as a country has also not remained detached from the emerging concept of globalization. If the study of Omokhodion (2006) and that of Garba (1997) is to be believed, globalization has not at all favored the condition of Nigerian women. Rather, as Garba (1997) states that the whole process of globalization has further helped in expanding further the gender inequality in the country. With the emergence of globalization, there was an emergence of urbanization, whereby various new enterprises started getting established, hiring both men as well as women in Nigeria. However, although employed, the Nigerian women are immensely exploited, as they are hired at a much lower payscale, are offered much lesser or rather no job security at all. Further, in Nigeria the women have to pay higher taxes th an the men, resulting in a huge poverty existing among the women. It is equally an indisputable fact that in case of 80% of the Nigerian women, a major part of the income is spent in solving family issues. Acker (2004) claims that although women are being assigned with extremely responsible tasks in their workplaces, they have to be content with low pay scale and mediocre job rank. As a result of such glaring instances of gender inequality, Nigeria as a nation has terribly failed to achieve economic sustainability, as compared to other developing nations. In fact, it is important to note down, that no country can achieve economic sustainability, unless it provides equal opportunity to both the genders. However, globalization which literally unifies the different regions of the world also has had a very impressive effect on the Nigerian women. Moghadam (2005) maintains that one of the most important contributions of globalization, has been the emergence of the Feminist movement in Nigeria. This Feminist Movement, has inspired the Nigerian women, to achieve equality in each and every sphere of life, and has taught them to become self-dependent (Muller and OCallanghan 2013). Moghadam (2005) maintains that the globalization has taught many of the Nigerian women, the importance of self-sufficiency, as a result of which many of them are now established and at least some of them enjoying powerful position in their workplaces. This self-reliance of the Nigerian women, has allowed these women gain access to the economic resources, and other privileges of life, without asking for the consent from the male members of the family. Further, Omokhodion (2006) has pointed out that globalization le ads to the exchange of information among the countries, and also helps one country explore the culture of other countries. With a result the spread of globalization, the Nigerian women, have grown more aware of the female rights and the idea of women empowerment. Further, this has also helped in the enforcement of several anti-discrimination laws in Nigeria. Fagan (2006) maintains that the enforcement of such laws has largely helped in reducing the instances of sexual abuse or domestic violence in the families of Nigeria, and has also motivated the women to enjoy economic independence, by participating in the workforce. Although some critics and researchers have cited instances of exploitation resulting from globalization, Moghadam (2005) has pointed out that globalization has helped in employment generation in Nigeria. He maintains that getting low salary is at east better than remaining unemployed. For this reason, Moghadam has argued that since globalization has helped the Nigeri an women gain easier access to jobs, globalization does create a sense of freedom among the women of Nigeria. In conclusion, it can be said that globalization in Nigeria, has created both a sense of constraint as well as gender, as far as the issue of gender identity is concerned. On the one hand, if globalization has led to exploitation of the female workers, on the other hand, it has also helped to reduce the same, by creating greater awareness among the masses. Further, it has also helped the Nigerian women assume an active, participatory role in life, rather than being just a passive recipient of male abuse and humiliation. Reference List: Acker, J 2004 'Gender, Capitalism and Globalization', Critical Sociology, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 17-41. Bradley, H 1999, Gender and power in the workplace: analyzing the impact of economic change, Macmillan [u.a.], Basingstoke [u.a.]. Cohen, R Kennedy, P (2007) Global Sociology 2nd edn, Palgrave Macmillan, Houndsmills, Chapter 2, pp. 43 65 Fagan, GH 2006 'Gender, culture and development: a South African experience', The European journal of development research, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 93-109. Freeman, DA 2008, Domestic violence, Ashgate, Burlington, VT. Germon, JE 2009, Gender, Palgrave Macmillan, viewed 21 Oct 2013, Heilman, ME 2012 'Gender stereotypes and workplace bias', Research in organizational behavior, vol. 32, no. [*ISSUE MISSING*], pp. 113-135. Holmes, D Hughes, K Julian, R (2013) Australian Sociology: A Changing Society Custom Copy for Sarah Hattam, Pearson Education Australia Pty Ltd, New South Wales, Chapter 4: Ethnicity and Immigration. Jensen, R 1997 'PATRIARCHAL SEX', International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 17, no. 1/2, pp. 91-115. Mikkola, M 2009 'Gender concepts and intuitions', Canadian Journal of Philosophy, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 559. Moghadam, VM 2005, Globalizing women: transnational feminist networks, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. Muller, N O'callaghan, C 2013 'Feminisms', The Year's Work in Critical and Cultural Theory, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 23. Omokhodion, JO 2006 'Globalization, gender equity and local identity in Nigeria', Ekistics, vol. 73, no. 436-441, pp. 277. Roeske, NA Banet, AG 2009 'GENDER IDENTITY', Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 132-156. Wanna, J Weller, P 2011 'THE IRREPRESSIBLE ROD RHODES: CONTESTING TRADITIONS AND BLURRING GENRES', Public Administration, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 1-14.

Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay Example

Gilgamesh vs the Genesis Essay The Great Floods: Gilgamesh vs. The Genesis The epic story of Gilgamesh talks about a great flood that covered the whole world. Isn’t it strange that this story seems to mirror that of the great flood in the Book of Genesis? These two stories contain general similarities but when comparing the minute details, they are very different. The story of Gilgamesh was written around 2000 B. C. , many years before the Genesis story in about 400 B. C. The writers of the bible probably knew of the flood in Gilgamesh’s story but revised it so as to fit with their own worldview and history. They most likely intended the original story with their own mythology. Despite the many similarities between the two stories, the differences are revealed in a number of different lines that distinguish the two versions from each other. In both versions of the flood, something angers the gods (in Gilgamesh) and God (in Genesis). â€Å"The uproar of mankind is intolerable and sleep is no longer possible by reasons of the babel. The reasoning for the flood in Gilgamesh seems very irrational. The Gods decide to destroy mankind because there are too many people in the world and they are making too much noise. We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh vs the Genesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh vs the Genesis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Gilgamesh vs the Genesis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It seems that the gods didnt think over their decision wisely. Being they are the gods, one would think they possess the power to come do a different means of resolving this problem instead of just destroying mankind. In Genesis, there is a much more acceptable reason for God to eliminate mankind. The humans are so wicked and evil that It repented the Lord that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart (Gen. 6:6). He says: I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth. . . (Gen. 6:7). God destroys mankind because it has become evil and corrupt within. This is not a quick irrational decision on the part of God, but a very well thought out and logical decision. It is definitely much better reason for the destruction of the human race. Another major difference is something that most often is overlooked by many people; the presence of demi-gods and great heroes during this time period. In the story of Gilgamesh, the gods allow half-god half-human beings to exist on earth. They were still apart of the Golden Age, which was presided over by Saturn. This was when the final structures of the Olympian Gods, men, animals, and the underworld were still being risen up. Great heroes like Gilgamesh, even though he came much later, still existed. In Genesis the Golden Age was completely over. There are no more heroes that were alive on the earth. These giants in the earth (Gen. 6:4) were the sons of God and of the daughters of men, but they were only men of renown in the old days (Gen. 6:4). These giants in the earth had become earlier and were destroyed long before the flood happened. A very important similarity is how many people the gods in Gilgamesh and God in Genesis choose to save from the flood. In both stories one good man, Utnapishtim (from Gilgamesh) and Noah (from Genesis, is saved and chosen to build an ark or boat. In Gilgamesh, Ea warns Utnapishtim in a dream that he must help the human race survive. In Genesis, God decides to destroy everyone but Noah, who found grace in the eyes of the Lord (Gen. 6:8). Noah becomes the source of salvation for the creation of man in the future. He is also the symbol of Gods mercy and grace. Both these men are symbols that God and Ea want the good in mankind to survive. By doing this they give the human race a chance to survive. Another major difference between the two stories is how the floods began and how the whole event ended up. In both a great storm rages and wipes out everyone and everything except the passengers onboard the boat/ark. In Gilgamesh, the gods cry and that creates the incredibly destructive flood. The great gods of heaven and hell wept. The rains last for 6 days and 6 nights in the Gilgamesh version, and finally when the waters receded the boat landed on Nisir. The boat is on the mountain for seven days. This is one of many instances where the number 7 is used in context to the flood stories. It is a mystical number symbolizing when gods and men interact. In Genesis, God sends down the flood with his divine power. After seven days the waters of the flood were upon the earth (Gen. 7:10). Here the number 7 is used again for the interaction of God and Noah. The rain lasts a lot longer in the Genesis version then in the Gilgamesh story. The rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights (Gen. 7:12). As the waters receded, the ark landed on Mt. Ararat. It is here for approximately two and a half months more until the other mountain tops surface. In both stories you have the same basic storyline, but as one can see the smaller details are much different. In both stories when the ark or boat is floating around the endless sea, Noah and Utnapishtim send out birds. Utnapishtim sends out hree different birds while Noah sends only two out. First, Utnapishtim sends out a dove but it returns. The same thing happens when he sends out a swallow. Finally when he sends out the raven it finds land and eats, so it does not return. I loosed a dove but finding no resting-place she returned then I loosed a swallow, and she flew away but finding no resting-place she returned I loosed a raven and she did not come back. Noah sends out a raven once but i t doesn’t find land. He sends out a dove twice and the second time it does not return. The two men send these out in order to find land. Each one of these birds has a significant meaning. The swallow lives around farms and it is sent out to find dry land for agriculture. In Genesis, the dove brings back an olive branch, and that symbolizes peace. Peace would mean that the punishment by God has finally ended. Ravens were looked upon as the messengers of the Gods. It only makes sense that the messenger of the gods in the Gilgamesh version helps Utnapishtim find land. In both versions of the story birds that represent certain good things in life were used. The final main similarity between the two stories comes at the end. Noah and Utnapishtim both show proper reverence to the gods and are rewarded. Utnapishtim offers a sacrifice to the gods, but Enlil becomes very angry because he is excluded from this sacrifice and that Utnapishtim escaped his wishes for all man to be destroyed. Ea convinces Enlil that Utnapishtim escaped on his own and then Enlil grants Utnapishtim the gift of immortality. In the Genesis story, God orders Noah to leave the ark. Noah then gives god a sacrifice. God makes the first covenant of the Hebrew Bible with Noah. Then finally, in both versions a sign is given to show that the gods and God wont destroy the earth in a flood ever again; a rainbow in Genesis and a necklace in the story of Gilgamesh. When comparing the stories of the flood within the Story of Gilgamesh and The Genesis, one can find many similarities and differences. The way these two stories portray comparisons within each other show how stories are carried throughout history and are adapted by the people of that time to fit their history and worldviews.

3 Clarifications Thanks to Commas

3 Clarifications Thanks to Commas 3 Clarifications Thanks to Commas 3 Clarifications Thanks to Commas By Mark Nichol The omission of commas in a sentence can damage its comprehensibility. Employed according to the statement’s structural requirements, they clarify the syntax and therefore the meaning. Here are three sentences repaired with the assistance of one or two of these punctuation marks. 1. â€Å"Egyptian boys held posters of Ahmed Hussein Eid who was fatally stabbed by three bearded men during his funeral procession.† One might misread this photo caption and come away with the impression that the victim was stabbed during his funeral procession. However, the subject of the image is boys in a funeral procession carrying posters of the victim; the explanation of the victim’s fate is parenthetical nonessential to the sentence and should thus be set off by commas: â€Å"Egyptian boys held posters of Ahmed Hussein Eid, who was fatally stabbed by three bearded men, during his funeral procession. 2. â€Å"Several job schedulers like Quartz and Flux are available on the market.† This sentence reads as if Quartz and Flux have already been mentioned, which is not the case. Because they are being introduced, the phrase in which they are mentioned should be parenthetical: â€Å"Several job schedulers, like Quartz and Flux, are available on the market.† Better yet, though like is often interchangeable with â€Å"such as,† in this case, the latter choice is the preferable one. 3. â€Å"The State Senate voted 29 to 5 to approve a revised version of the deal, and a few hours later, the State Assembly also passed the updated legislation by a vote of 54 to 12.† This sentence is contradictory: It states that that one legislative body passed a bill by a particular vote, and then adds that another group did the same thing passed a bill with a certain split of yes and no votes but then provides a different vote result. The statement thus needs to be amended to indicate that the simple outcome passage of the bill was replicated, but that the initial vote was not. The solution? Insertion of a comma that changes the meaning by setting the second vote count off from the rest of the sentence: â€Å"The State Senate voted 29 to 5 to approve a revised version of the deal, and a few hours later, the State Assembly also passed the updated legislation, by a vote of 54 to 12.† Or, more elegantly, transform the appended parenthetical phrase into an interjected one by moving it to an earlier position: â€Å"The State Senate voted 29 to 5 to approve a revised version of the deal, and a few hours later, the State Assembly also passed, by a vote of 54 to 12, the updated legislation.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Useful Stock Phrases for Your Business EmailsConfusing "Passed" with "Past"Epidemic vs. Pandemic vs. Endemic

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Assignment - Essay Example In addition, they wanted to dictate others’ rights and interests, but did not want others to dictate and control their rights and interests. That is, white national group (including all Whites in South Africa) never wanted to surrender its right of political self-determination, or share political rights with Non-White. (). Instead they wanted to determine and restrict the rights of the majority non-white people and that formed the philosophical basis of Apartheid. So, apartheid short-circuited the multi-culturality of the South African society and in many respects alienated their philosophical reflection from its immediate context. (). Apartheid came to an end because of both internal as well as external factors. One of key factor which put an end was the opposition against Apartheid by not only the non-White people but also by certain sections of the White people. With opposition from all sections, the minority white government started to have second thoughts on continuing Apartheid. Then, there was intense external pressure particularly from Western countries, civil rights groups and even business organizations. With many protectionist and communist regimes like Soviet Union disintegrating and more countries adopting democracy, there was more pressure on the South African government to abolish Apartheid and call for free and fair democratic elections. Many business organizations from Western countries operating in South Africa were pressurized to stop and leave from there. In addition, South African companies’ products were boycotted in foreign countries. Thus, lack of business flow negatively impacted th e South African economy. â€Å"By the 1980s the economy in general and the manufacturing sector in particular showed signs of stagnation. The investment rate dropped from being one of the highest in the world--22.3% in 1964 to 16% in 1991† (). Thus, these social

Engineering manager doing research and analysis Coursework

Engineering manager doing research and analysis - Coursework Example This will need conscious effort from the student but is very effective. Practices like switching to eco-friendly bulbs, switching off electrical appliances when not in use, use of eco-friendly alternatives in everyday life contribute to the conversation of energy. Also use of recyclable and reusable products are advised as this reduces the waste that goes into the environment. Products that cannot be reused must be boycotted on the campus by the students. Students must get actively involved making their campus greener ad eco-friendly. Plants can be grown on the rooftops of dorm and apartment buildings. Waste reduction and management will also help to keep the campus clean and greener. Conscious effort in commuting can also be an effective go green initiative. Riding bikes, using mass transport options, alternative vehicles and energy, etc will reduce the stress that transport puts on the environment. Video conferencing can be used as an effective tool for communication in the campus and wherever possible. Use of paper must be reduced and softcopies of documents must be used as an alternative to printouts. These practices as a whole will help reducing overall carbon footprint of the student body. Introduction With global warming reaching alarming figures, it has now become a major global concern. There is a need for immediate action in order to curb global warming and reduce its effects on the environment. The governments, organizations, companies, institutions worldwide have woken up to the fact that there needs to take measures sooner than later to fight global warming. Going green or eco-friendly is now the most important social responsibility. This report is a recommendation plan to the University of Greenwich on various green strategies that it can adopt to enable students studying in the university to go green. Various green strategies and practices have been analysed. There are numerous green strategies such as water and electricity conservation, acquisit ion of alternate fuel vehicles for communication inside the campus, recycling, water preservation, green building, green power, waste diversion, reduction of emission of green house gases, green space and ecosystems.etc. But in this report only those strategies are suggested that will enable the students studying in the University to go green. Practice Energy Conservation This is the most simple of solutions and the one that is most difficult and neglected. Students must try to conserve energy wherever possible. Use less energy wherever possible. Switch the old fashioned light bulbs to latest one which saves energy. Use alternate energy wherever possible. Small steps like switching off your computers, lights and other electric equipment when not in use when practiced by a large number of people, in this case students, make a huge difference. Even setting the computer in sleep mode when not in use can save a lot of energy. Products that have eco-friendly alternative must be purchased even if it would be a little costlier as it will pay off in a long run (Swallow, 2009). For example, energy start products contribute to the cause. Items that are not being used such as appliances, cell phone chargers must be unplugged. Even though they are not being used, they draw electricity from the outlets (Carnegie Mellon, 2012). All students must be introduced to the various ways on conserving energy on a day-to-day basis and must

Arab-Israeli War of 1973 Essay Example for Free

Arab-Israeli War of 1973 Essay The Arab-Israeli War was an armed conflict initiated by the Arab nations of Egypt and Syria against Israel on October 6, 1973 in an effort to reclaim territories that Israel had controlled since the Six Day War of 1967. The date holds special significance to the Jewish calendar, being Yom Kippur, hence this war is also known as the Yom Kippur War. Though Israel was caught by surprise and experienced severe losses during the war, assistance from the United States military led to a cease-fire less than three weeks later. In the aftermath, Israel retained its territories and its aftermath had far ranging effects on the geopolitics of the Middle East. First, the victory of Israel had an uplifting effect on its population. Its military had been seen to have grown largely complacent following the Six Day War. However, despite initial defeats, they managed a successful turnaround of the Yom Kippur War’s outcome. As such, despite the surprise advantage of Egypt and Syria they had regained the upper hand in less than two weeks, though at a high cost in casualties. In effect, Israel woke up to the reality that their military supremacy in the region was not absolute. (Rabinovich 498) Second, by granting support to Israel, the United States invited the ire of oil-producing Arab states. This manifested itself in the actions of Saudi Arabia, which not only reduced its oil production but declared an embargo against the United States. Saudi Arabia was later joined by other oil-producing Arab states and together they extended their embargo against other import dependent nations in Western Europe as well as Japan. The result was the 1973 energy crisis that sent oil prices spiraling past $60 per barrel and close to $100 per barrel in 1979. (Smith 329) Third, on the geopolitical front, enemy states of Israel concluded in the aftermath that they could not defeat it by force, and thus turned towards diplomatic tactics in antagonizing it. The effect was that many African and Third World nations, under pressure from the Arab states, broke their diplomatic ties to Israel. Works Cited No author. â€Å"The 1973 Yom Kippur War. † Anti-Defamation League, 1999. Retrieved September 24, 2008 from: http://www. adl. org/ISRAEL/record/yomkippur. asp Smith, Charles. Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict. New York, NY: Bedford, 2006. Rabinovich, Abraham. The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed the Middle eAst. New York, NY: Shocken Books, 2005. Rabinovich, Abraham [2005]. The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed the Middle East. New York, NY: Schocken Books. ISBN 0 8052 4176 0. Charles D. Smith, Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict, New York: Bedford, 2006, p. 329.